I.
Exercise
37 page 138
Relative Clause
1. The
last record which produced by
this company became a gold record.
2. Checking
accounts which require a minimum
balance are very common now.
3. The
professor whose you spoke
yesterday is not here today.
4. John
whose are highest in the
school has received a scholarship.
5. Felipe
bought a camera that has three
lenses.
6. Frank
whom we are going to nominate
him for the office of treasurer is a man.
7. The
doctor is with a patient whose leg
was broken in an accident.
8. Jane
is the woman who going to
China next year.
9. Janet
wants a typewriter whose self-corrects.
10. This
book that I found last week
contains some useful information.
11. Mr.
Bryant whose team has lost the
game looks very sad.
12. James
wrote an article whose indicated
that he dislike the president.
13. The
director of the program whose graduated
from Harvard University is planning to retire next year.
14. This
is the book that I have been
looking for all year.
15. William
whose brother is a lawyer
wants to become a judge.
II.
Exercise
38 page 139
Relative Clause Reduction
1. George
is the man chosen to represent the committee at the convention.
2. All
of the money accepted has already has already been released.
3. The
papers on the table belong to Patricia.
4. The
man brought to the police station confessed to the crime
5. The
girl drinking coffee is Mary Allen.
6. John’s
wife, a professor, has written several papers on this subject.
7. The
man talking to the policeman is my uncle.
8. The
book on the top shelf is the one that I need.
9. The
number of stdents have been counted is quite high.
10. Leo
Evans, a doctor, eats in this restaurant every day.
III.
Exercise
39 page 142
Subjunctive
1. The
teacher demanded that the student leave
the rooms.
2. It
was urgent that he call her
immediately.
3. It
was very important that we delay discussion.
4. She
intends to move that the sommittee suspend
discussion on this issue.
5. The
king decreed that the new law take effect
the folowing month.
6. I
propose that you should stop this rally.
7. I
advise you taje teh prerequisites before registering for this course.
8. His
father prefers that he attend
a different university.
9. The
faculty stipulated that the rule be abolished.
10. She
urged that we find another
alternative.
Defining relative
clauses
What are relative
clauses?
A
relative clause is a subordinate clause that modifies a noun or a noun phrase.
Example:
1. The
man who is smoking is the murderer.
[The
noun the man is modified by the relative clause who is smoking].
Relative
clauses give essential information to define or identify the person or thing we
are talking about.
How to use relative
clauses
They
are used to provide extra information. This information can either:
1. define
something (defining clause),
Example:
The girl who is standing there is a
world champion in karate.
2. or
provide unnecessary, but interesting information (non-defining clause).
Example:
Michael
Jackson, who was a famous singer, died of an overdose.
Relative
clauses can be introduced by:
1. A
relative pronoun: who, whom, which,
that, whose.
Example:
"The man who is standing there is a
famous writer."
2. A
relative adverb: where, why and when.
Example:
" The restaurant where I have
dinner is nice."
3. None
of them.
Example:
"The man I met is extremely
wealthy"
Relative Pronouns
1. who
- subject or object pronoun for people
“They caught the lady who killed her baby”.
2. which
- subject or object pronoun
“I read the book which is on the table”.
“I
visited the town which you told me
about”.
3. which
- referring to a whole sentence
“They were unsuccessful which is disappointing”.
4. whom
- used for object pronoun for people, especially in non-restrictive relative
clauses (in restrictive relative clauses use who)
“The boy whom you told me about got the best grades in mathematics”.
5. that
- subject or object pronoun for people, animals and things in restrictive
relative clauses (who or which are also possible)
“I like the vase that is over there”.
Relative adverbs
1. where
- referring to a place
“The restaurant where I usually have dinner is nice”.
2. when
- referring to a time
“There are times when I feel so lonely”.
3. why
- referring to a reason
“This is why she refused the offer”.
Subject Pronoun or
Object Pronoun?
You
can distinguish subject and object pronouns as follows:
1. If
the relative pronoun is not followed by a noun or pronoun, it is a subject
pronoun. Subject relative pronouns can never be omitted (dropped.)
Example:
“The
apple which is lying on the table is
sweet”.
“The teacher who lives next door is nice”.
2. If
the relative pronoun is followed by a noun or pronoun, the relative pronoun is
an object pronoun. Object relative pronouns can be omitted (dropped) in
restrictive (defining) relative clauses.
Example:
“The
film (which) we watched yesterday
was fantastic”.
“The
writer (who/whom) we met last
weekend is very famous”.
Restrictive Relative
Clauses
1. Restrictive
(identifying or defining) relative clauses give detailed necessary information.
They are not put between commas.
Example:
“I know the man who is standing there”.
2. These
clauses are often used in definitions.
Example:
“A novelist is someone who writes novels”.
3. Object
pronouns in these clauses can be omitted (dropped.)
Example:
“The boy (who/whom) we met yesterday is from New York”.
Non-Restrictive
Relative Clauses
Non-
restrictive (non-identifying or non- defining) relative clauses give
interesting additional information which is not necessary to the meaning of the
sentence. These clauses are put between commas.
Example:
“Martin
Luther king, who was known for his fight for the civil rights, was assassinated
in 1968”.
Note:
In
non restrictive relative clauses:
1. who/which
may not be replaced with that.
Example:
Jim,
who we met yesterday, is very nice.
NOT
2. Object
relative pronouns cannot be dropped.
Example:
Jim,
who we met yesterday, is very nice.
NOT
Sumber:
https://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-lesson-relative-clauses.php
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