Healty Children - Music

08.26 |



Music and Mood

Music’s beneficial effects on mental health have been known for thousands of years. Ancient philosophers from Plato to Confucius and the kings of Israel sang the praises of music and used it to help soothe stress. Military bands use music to build confidence and courage. Sporting events provide music to rouse enthusiasm. Schoolchildren use music to memorize their ABCs. Shopping malls play music to entice consumers and keep them in the store. Dentists play music to help calm nervous patients. Modern research supports conventional wisdom that music benefits mood and confidence.
Because of our unique experiences, we develop different musical tastes and preferences. Despite these differences, there are some common responses to music. Babies love lullabies. Maternal singing is particularly soothing, regardless of a mom’s formal musical talents or training. Certain kinds of music make almost everyone feel worse, even when someone says she enjoys it; in a study of 144 adults and teenagers who listened to 4 different kinds of music, grunge music led to significant increases in hostility, sadness, tension, and fatigue across the entire group, even in the teenagers who said they liked it. In another study, college students reported that pop, rock, oldies, and classical music helped them feel happier and more optimistic, friendly, relaxed, and calm.

Music, Attention, and Learning

Everyone who has learned their ABCs knows that it is easier to memorize a list if it is set to music. Scientific research supports common experience that pairing music with rhythm and pitch enhances learning and recall. Music helps children and adolescents with attention problems in several ways. First, it can be used as a reward for desired behavior. For example, for paying attention toHOMEWORKDescription: https://cdncache-a.akamaihd.net/items/it/img/arrow-10x10.png for 10 minutes, a child can be rewarded with the opportunity to listen to music for 5 minutes. Second, it can be used to help enhance attention to “boring” academic tasks such as memorization, using songs, rhythms, and dance or movement to enhance the interest of the lists to be memorized. Instrumental baroque music is great for improving attention and reasoning. For students, playing background music is not distracting. Third, musical cues can be used to help organize activities – one kind of music for one activity (studying), another for a different activity (eating), and a third kind for heading to bed. Fourth, studies show that calming music can promote pro-social behavior and decrease impulsive behavior.

Music and Anxiety

Many people find familiar music comforting and calming. In fact, music is so effective in reducing anxiety, it is often used in dental, preoperative, and radiation therapy settings to help patients cope with their worries about procedures. Music helps decrease anxiety in the elderly, new mothers, and children too. Music’s ability to banish worries is illustrated in the Rogers and Hammerstein lyrics,
“Whenever I feel afraid, I hold my head erect
And whistle a happy tune, so no one will suspect I’m afraid…
And every single time,
the happiness in the tune convinces me that I’m not afraid.”
Any kind of relaxing, calming music can contribute to calmer moods. Calming music can be combined with cognitive therapy to lower anxiety even more effectively than conventional therapy alone.
Some studies suggest that specially designed music, such as music that includes tones that intentionally induce binaural beats to put brain waves into relaxed delta or theta rhythms, can help improve symptoms in anxious patients even more than music without these tones; listening to this music without other distractions (not while driving, cooking, talking, or reading) promotes the best benefits.

Music and Moods

An analysis of 5 studies on music for depression concluded that music therapy is not only acceptable for depressed patients, but it actually helps improve their moods. Music has proven useful in helping patients with serious medical illnesses such as cancer, burns, and multiple sclerosis who are also depressed. If it can help in these situations, it may be able to help you and your loved ones experience more positive moods.

Music and Sleep

Many people listen to soothing music to help them fall asleep. This practice is supported by studies in a variety of settings. Just don’t try listening to lively dance music or rousing marches before you aim to fall asleep. Conversely, if you’re trying to wake up in the morning, go for the fast-tempo music rather than lullabies.

Music and Stress

Since ancient times, it has been known that certain kinds of music can help soothe away stress. Calming background music can significantly decrease irritability and promote calm in elderly nursing home patients with dementia. Music, widely chosen, lowers stress hormone levels. On the other hand, every parent of a teenager knows that certain kinds of music, particularly at high volumes, can induce stress. Knowing that certain kinds of music can alleviate stress is one thing; being mindful in choosing what kind of music to listen to is another. Choose your musical intake as carefully as you choose your food and friends.


Sumber:
https://www.healthychildren.org/English/healthy-living/emotional-wellness/Pages/Music-and-Mood.aspx

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Diposting oleh Wita Rahmawati

TUGAS IV BAHASA INGGRIS BISNIS 2

08.19 |

I.                   Exercise 37 page 138
Relative Clause 
1.      The last record which produced by this company became a gold record.
2.      Checking accounts which require a minimum balance are very common now.
3.      The professor whose you spoke yesterday is not here today.
4.      John whose are highest in the school has received a scholarship.
5.      Felipe bought a camera that has three lenses.
6.      Frank whom we are going to nominate him for the office of treasurer is a man.
7.      The doctor is with a patient whose leg was broken in an accident.
8.      Jane is the woman who going to China next year.
9.      Janet wants a typewriter whose self-corrects.
10.  This book that I found last week contains some useful information.
11.  Mr. Bryant whose team has lost the game looks very sad.
12.  James wrote an article whose indicated that he dislike the president.
13.  The director of the program whose graduated from Harvard University is planning to retire next year.
14.  This is the book that I have been looking for all year.
15.  William whose brother is a lawyer wants to become a judge.

II.                Exercise 38 page 139
Relative Clause Reduction 
1.      George is the man chosen to represent the committee at the convention.
2.      All of the money accepted has already has already been released.
3.      The papers on the table belong to Patricia.
4.      The man brought to the police station confessed to the crime
5.      The girl drinking coffee is Mary Allen.
6.      John’s wife, a professor, has written several papers on this subject.
7.      The man talking to the policeman is my uncle.
8.      The book on the top shelf is the one that I need.
9.      The number of stdents have been counted is quite high.
10.  Leo Evans, a doctor, eats in this restaurant every day.

III.             Exercise 39 page 142
Subjunctive 
1.      The teacher demanded that the student leave the rooms.
2.      It was urgent that he call her immediately.
3.      It was very important that we delay discussion.
4.      She intends to move that the sommittee suspend discussion on this issue.
5.      The king decreed that the new law take effect the folowing month.
6.      I propose that you should stop this rally.
7.      I advise you taje teh prerequisites before registering for this course.
8.      His father prefers that he attend a different university.
9.      The faculty stipulated that the rule be abolished.

10.  She urged that we find another alternative.

Defining relative clauses
What are relative clauses?
A relative clause is a subordinate clause that modifies a noun or a noun phrase.
Example:
1.      The man who is smoking is the murderer.
[The noun the man is modified by the relative clause who is smoking].
Relative clauses give essential information to define or identify the person or thing we are talking about.

How to use relative clauses
They are used to provide extra information. This information can either:
1.      define something (defining clause),
Example:
The girl who is standing there is a world champion in karate.
2.      or provide unnecessary, but interesting information (non-defining clause).
Example:
Michael Jackson, who was a famous singer, died of an overdose.
Relative clauses can be introduced by:
1.      A relative pronoun: who, whom, which, that, whose.
Example:
"The man who is standing there is a famous writer."
2.      A relative adverb: where, why and when.
Example:
" The restaurant where I have dinner is nice."
3.      None of them.
Example:
"The man I met is extremely wealthy"

Relative Pronouns
1.      who - subject or object pronoun for people
“They caught the lady who killed her baby”.
2.      which - subject or object pronoun
“I read the book which is on the table”.
“I visited the town which you told me about”.
3.      which - referring to a whole sentence
“They were unsuccessful which is disappointing”.
4.      whom - used for object pronoun for people, especially in non-restrictive relative clauses (in restrictive relative clauses use who)
“The boy whom you told me about got the best grades in mathematics”.
5.      that - subject or object pronoun for people, animals and things in restrictive relative clauses (who or which are also possible)
“I like the vase that is over there”.

Relative adverbs
1.      where - referring to a place
“The restaurant where I usually have dinner is nice”.
2.      when - referring to a time
“There are times when I feel so lonely”.
3.      why - referring to a reason
“This is why she refused the offer”.

Subject Pronoun or Object Pronoun?
You can distinguish subject and object pronouns as follows:
1.      If the relative pronoun is not followed by a noun or pronoun, it is a subject pronoun. Subject relative pronouns can never be omitted (dropped.)
Example:
“The apple which is lying on the table is sweet”.
“The teacher who lives next door is nice”.
2.      If the relative pronoun is followed by a noun or pronoun, the relative pronoun is an object pronoun. Object relative pronouns can be omitted (dropped) in restrictive (defining) relative clauses.
Example:
“The film (which) we watched yesterday was fantastic”.
“The writer (who/whom) we met last weekend is very famous”.

Restrictive Relative Clauses
1.      Restrictive (identifying or defining) relative clauses give detailed necessary information. They are not put between commas.
Example:
“I know the man who is standing there”.
2.      These clauses are often used in definitions.
Example:
“A novelist is someone who writes novels”.
3.      Object pronouns in these clauses can be omitted (dropped.)
Example:
“The boy (who/whom) we met yesterday is from New York”.

Non-Restrictive Relative Clauses
Non- restrictive (non-identifying or non- defining) relative clauses give interesting additional information which is not necessary to the meaning of the sentence. These clauses are put between commas.
Example:
“Martin Luther king, who was known for his fight for the civil rights, was assassinated in 1968”.
Note:
In non restrictive relative clauses:
1.      who/which may not be replaced with that.
Example:
Jim, who we met yesterday, is very nice.
NOT
Jim, that we met yesterday, is very nice.
2.      Object relative pronouns cannot be dropped.
Example:
Jim, who we met yesterday, is very nice.
NOT
Jim,we met yesterday, is very nice.

Sumber:
https://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-lesson-relative-clauses.php

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